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MacBinary | 1994-11-12 | 8.5 KB | [ TEXT/ttxt]
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This file was processed as: MacBinary
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You can browse this item here: UltraShell™ Help File
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MacBinary II, inited, Sat Nov 12 02:35:32 1994, modified Sat Nov 12 02:35:32 1994, creator SimpleText, type ASCII, 8176 bytes "UltraShell� Help File" , at 0x2070 286 bytes resource
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id metadata key value macFileType [ TEXT] macFileCreator [ ttxt]
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